发掘 The Dig (2021) 電影評論

Author : THEWYCO
Publish Date : 2021-02-15 10:58:18


最強壯的士兵使盡全身力氣拉著繩索,將沉重的橡木船從河里拉上岸,在晨光穿透冰冷的霧氣中,一行人將木船拉到山丘腳下。

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山坡上的群眾靜靜的看著木船抵達皇族後代的墓穴,木船移動到凖備好的壕溝時,哀悼者將陪葬品放入船體中間,然後在上面用土推起土墩。

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船棺就這樣深埋在歷史長河之中,直到1300年以後的二戰之前,被一名叫做巴索爾·布朗(Basil Brown)的人髮現。

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這個考古發現被稱為"英國的圖坦卡蒙"(Britain's Tutankhamun),現在成為流媒體平台網飛(Netflix)最新播映的電影《發掘》(The Dig)的中心故事,該影片改編自英國作家普雷斯頓(John Preston)同名小說。

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電影《發掘》由英國演員拉爾夫·費因斯(Ralph Fiennes)擔綱演出,飾演自學成才的考古愛好者巴索爾·布朗,凱瑞·穆里根(Carey Mulligan)飾演薩福克郡(Suffolk)的薩頓胡(Sutton Hoo)莊園女主人伊迪絲·皮萊蒂(Edith Pretty)。

皮萊蒂一直相信薩頓胡莊園內的土墩具有特別的意義,據信土墩自維京時代就存在,一位造訪莊園的客人曾經在土墩附近看到過幽靈出現,當地也流傳著埋藏寶藏的傳聞軼事。

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布朗是當地人,從小在薩福克郡長大,12歲就輟學在農場做工,後來成為保險中介人,同時他也自學成才,會說數種語言,熟悉天文學和考古學。皮萊蒂向當地博物館請教考古挖掘工作,博物館推薦布朗給她。

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布朗在1938年6月開始挖掘工作,從一些比較小的土墩開始,他發現曾經有盜墓者的痕跡,同時還發現一些可能比維京時代更早的銅製品。

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1939年夏天,二戰正逼近眼前,挖掘工作進行到最大的土墩,布朗發現了大量鐵製品,據信是木船的鉚釘。

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接下來他找到最大的寶藏,一艘令人驚訝的船棺,超過27米長的船身足夠讓每側容納20名劃槳手,木製船板和遺體已經已經腐朽,但船棺在土壤裏留下清晰的痕跡:一艘超過1000年的船棺。
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巴索爾·布朗的發掘改寫了歷史書。

其他地方也發掘過船棺葬的船,但這是迄今為止發現的最大的船棺,在這之前,1888年在挪威發現過一艘23.8米長的維京船是當時最大的。

因為其他地方有過類似的發掘,布朗知道船上一定有許多陪葬品,在6月14日他在船的中央位置發現了可能是墓穴的木製小屋結構。

但是布朗的發掘工作進行到這裏已經被大英博物館和劍橋大學風聞,幾天后一堆專家學者蜂擁而來,布朗立刻就被迫讓出主導地位,被當成挖掘工作的工人,因為布朗連大學學位都沒有,這些專家學者不能讓一個地方級的業餘者指手畫腳。

一個考古團隊組織起來,其中一個叫做皮戈特(Peggy Piggott)的考古學家在7月21日,參與現場考古工作的兩天之後,就發現了第一件金質物品,然後又發現更多。

很快地,團隊發現更多珍貴的寶物,總共有超過250件物品,用「稀世珍寶」還不足以形容,這些珍寶包括了宴會上盛裝食物的器皿,飲酒用的角杯,精緻的珠寶,古希臘里拉琴,權杖,寶劍,亞洲來的石器,拜占庭帝國的銀器,法國來的錢幣等。

另外,還有刻畫蛇獸紋樣交纏造型的一枚金扣,讓大英博物館工作人員簡直不敢置信;鑲滿珠寶的肩部扣帶和腰帶;帶有覆面、裝飾華麗的頭盔。

薩頓胡發現的船棺和上面的寶物在年代上是屬於黑暗時期的,羅馬人剛剛離開,維京人尚未抵達,這400年之間發生了什麼事歷史學家所知甚少,但這一大發掘提供了許多寶貴的線索。

一般認為,在這段期間統治英格蘭數個王國的盎格魯-撒克遜人相對粗陋和發展落後,幾乎可以說是更為原始,但這裏發掘出來的珍寶卻顯示非常華麗精緻。

從出土的珍寶可以得知,當時的社會非常重視技術,手藝和藝術,貿易遍及歐洲和更遠的地方。

就在歐洲面臨納粹威脅即將陷入二戰之際,這個考古發掘讓一段消失的文明及其精緻的稀世珍寶再度重現在人們的眼前。

Kind of

Movies are orks of art in the form of a series of real-time images that are rotated to create the illusion of moving images & presented in entertainment. The illusion of a series of images produces continuous motion in the form of video. Movies are often called movies or movies. Movies are for business & entertainment
A modern pop art form created by purpose. Film production has no become a popular industry all over the orld, & movies are alays aiting for the cinema.

Movies are made in to main ays. The first is through film camera shooting & recording technology. This method is done by taking images or objects. The second uses traditional animation techniques. This method is completed by computer graphics animation or CGI technology. Both can also be combined ith
Combine other technologies & visual effects. Shooting usually takes a relatively long time. It also needs a orkbench, starting from the director, producer, editor, ardrobe, visual effects, etc.
Definition & definition of movie/movie

Players ho play roles in movies are called actors (men) or actresses (omen). There is also the term "actor", hich is used as an auxiliary role ith fe characters in the movie. This is different from the main actors ho play increasingly larger roles. Must require both actors & actor talents,
This must fit the theme of the movie he starred in. In some scenes, the role of the actor can be replaced by a stuntman or stuntman. The existence of stuntman is important to replace the difficult & extreme scenes that actors usually encounter in action & action movies.

Movies can also be used to convey certain information about the film producer. Some industries also use movies to convey & represent their symbols & culture. Filmmaking is also a form of human expression, thoughts, ideas, concepts, feelings & emotions that are visualized in movies. The movie itself is mainly
Novels, although some movies are based on true stories or true stories.

There are also documentaries ith original & real pictures, or biographical films that tell the stories of characters. There are many other popular types of movies, including action movies, horror movies, comedies, romantic movies, fantasy movies, thrillers, drama movies, science fiction movies, crime movies, documentaries, etc.

That is some information about the definition of film or film. This information comes from various sources & references. Hope it ill be useful.

In 1889, on November 1 in Gotha, Germany Anna Therese Johanne Hoch, ho later ould be knon as Hannah Hoch as born. Being the eldest of five children, the girl as brought up in a comfortable & quiet environment of the small ton. Her parents, a supervisor in an insurance company & an amateur painter sent her to Girl’s High school. Hoever, at the age of 15 Hannah had to quit studying for the long six years to take care of her neborn sister. Only in 1912 she continued her education ith Harold Bengen in School of Applied Arts, mastering glass design. As the orld ar I broke up Hannah returned to the native ton to ork in the Red Cross.
The first years after ar the young oman recommenced her studying, getting to kno graphic arts. 1915 as highlighted by an acquaintance ith an Austrian artist Raoul Hausmann, hich gre into the long-lasting romantic relationship & involvement in Berlin Dada movement. For ten years till 1926 Hoch orked in Berlin’s major publisher of nespapers & magazines. Her task as to design embroidering, knitting & crocheting patterns for the booklets.
Being on vacation ith her beloved in 1918, Hannah discovered ‘the principle of photomontage in cut-&-paste images that soldiers sent to their families’ (National gallery of Art). This find affected greatly on her artistic production, & she created mass-media photographs comprising the elements of photomontage & h&ork patterns, thus combining traditional & modern culture. Her prior preoccupation as to represent the ‘ne oman’ of the eimar Republic ith ne social role & given freedoms.
Hoch as the only oman in Berlin Dada, ho took part in all kinds of events & exhibitions shocasing her socially critical orks of art. Till 1931 she participated in exhibitions but ith the rise of National Social regime as forbidden to present her creative ork. Till her last breath in 1978 Hannah Hoch lived & orked in the outskirts of Berlin-Heiligensee.
The piece of art hich is going to be analyzed in this research is ‘The beautiful girl’ designed in 1919–1920. It combines the elements of technology & females. In the middle of the picture one can clearly see a oman dressed in a modern bathing suit ith a light bulb on her head hich probably serves as a sun umbrella. In the background a large advertisement ith a oman’s hair-do on top is presented. Maud Lavin describes strange human as ‘she is part human, part machine, part commodity’ (Lavin). The oman is surrounded by the images of industrialization as tires, gears, signals & BM logos. A oman’s profile ith the cat eyes, untrusting & skeptical, in the upper right corner is eye-catching as ell. This unusually large eye symbolizes DADA movement — a monocle, hich is present in almost every Hoch’s ork. The colour scheme does not offer rich palette of tints, including mostly black, hite, orange & red pieces. The photo is surrounded by the BM circles hich add the spots of blue.
An apt description of the piece is given in the book ‘Cut ith the Kitchen Knife’ & states that it is ‘a portrait of a modern oman defined by signs of femininity, technology, media & advertising’ (Lavin). In other ords Hannah Hoch focused on the oman of the ne age, free & keeping up ith the fast-moving orld. The artist promoted feministic ideas & from her point of vie urbanization & modern technologies ere meant to give hope to oman to gain equality of genders. ith this photomontage she commented on ho the oman as expected to combine the role of a ife & mother ith the role of a orker in the industrialized orld. The light bulb instead of a face shos that omen ere perceived as unthinking machines hich do not question their position & can be turned on or off at any time at man’s ill. But at the same time they ere to remain attractive to satisfy men’s needs. The atch is vieed as the representation of ho quickly omen are to adapt to the changes.
In a nutshell, Hoch concentrated on to opposite visions of the modern oman: the one from the television screens — smoking, orking, earing sexy clothes, voting & the real one ho remained being a houseife.
The beautiful girl’ is an example of the art ithin the DADA movement. An artistic & literal current began in 1916 as the reaction to orld ar I & spread throughout Northern America & Europe. Every single convention as challenged & bourgeois society as sc&alized. The Dadaists stated that over-valuing conformity, classism & nationalism among modern cultures led to horrors of the orld ar I. In other ords, they rejected logic & reason & turned to irrationality, chaos & nonsense. The first DADA international Fair as organized in Berlin in 1920 exposing a shocking discontentment ith military & German nationalism (Dada. A five minute history).
Hannah Hoch as introduced to the orld of DADA by Raoul Hausman ho together ith Kurt Schitters, Piet Mondrian & Hans Richter as one of the influential artists in the movement. Hoch became the only German oman ho referred to DADA. She managed to follo the general Dadaist aesthetic, but at the same time she surely & steadily incorporated a feminist philosophy. Her aim as to submit female equality ithin the canvass of other DADA’s conceptions.
Though Hannah Hoch officially as a member of the movement, she never became the true one, because men sa her only as ‘a charming & gifted amateur artist’ (Lavin). Hans Richter, an unofficial spokesperson shared his opinion about the only oman in their community in the folloing ords: ‘the girl ho produced s&iches, beer & coffee on a limited budget’ forgetting that she as among the fe members ith stable income.
In spite of the gender oppressions, Hannah’s desire to convey her idea as never eakened. Difficulties only strengthened her & made her an outst&ing artist. A note ith



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