But in reality, 6,000,000 is 85 percent of the end goal. That’s a significant difference. In fact, there was plenty of t

It is honorable for you to try to change and adapt and grow throughout your life. Trust that you will. But you are not responsible for using your suffering as self-improvement. Your responsibility is to evolve, not optimize. When life gives you lemons, you do not owe anybody a glass of lemonade.

Horizontal timelines show past on the left and the future to the right. The list goes on. Designing contrary to this visual vernacular will only cause confusion. As an example, check out the line graph in this graph, which was released by Reuters in 2014 and quickly incited political debate.

Remember the phrase we all learned in school to best differentiate the y-axis from the x-axis? “Y to the sky!” Inherent in the phrase is the assumption that the bottom of the y-axis symbolizes the lowest number in the data set, while the highest number in the set lives at the top of that axis. In other words, up means up and down means down. If you were to strip away all the labels from any line or bar graph, you would still be able to identify trends because of this standard expectation.

Using this simple method also reduces the overhead for other developers to add functionality to existing code. If all you have to do is add a new function to a class and it becomes immediately usable, that reduces complexity and makes code easier work with.

Refactoring existing code effectively is an art. If you have ever inherited someone else’s code or even looked back at your own after some time, you know how trying this process can be. Oftentimes, features are made and bugs get fixed under tight timelines, which can lead to sloppy, inefficient code.

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des accurate information about traffic jams and expected delays on a planned route, helping drivers make better decisions that save time, reduce stress and make roads safer. It is an accurate, real-time service, driven by more than 600 million connected devices, that collects data on over 3.5 billion km of roadways per day.

In this article, we’re going to look at some small segments of Python code that make refactoring for cleaner code easier. In most cases, these use simple, standard library functions and don’t obfuscate intent behind exceedingly complex algorithms or dense one-liners. When you’re refactoring code, you want a good balance between being concise and readable. Let’s take a look at a few examples.

If you encounter sections of code where you won’t necessarily know the name of a function you wish to invoke until later, this is the answer. By using the built-in Python function getattr, you can call a function by name using a string. This is great for reducing tightly coupled code and improving extensibility. If you reduce hard-coded function names and allow more flexibility, then there is a strong chance your code will break less.

When visualizing data, it’s very important to give viewers all relevant context so they can draw their own conclusions from unbiased visualizations. Manipulating scales, start points, and layout can lead to incorrect data interpretation. At best, this is an unintentional misrepresentation of information; at worst, it can deliberately mislead the audience in order to further a particular agenda.

Excerpted from Killer Visual Strategies by Amy Balliett, with permission of the publisher, Wiley. Copyright © 2020 by ReelRandom, LLC. All rights reserved. This book is available wherever books and ebooks are sold.

With the Reuters example, it’s not clear if the graph choice was made because they wanted to add a unique spin on their data visualizations or because of an attempt to lead the viewer to incorrect conclusions. That uncertainty hurts the Reuters brand and provides a perfect example of why properly visualizing data is imperative to any visual strategy.

The Reuters graphic, however, inverted this rule by flipping the y-axis. Instead of seeing the passage of the “Stand Your Ground” legislation as a potential catalyst for the marked increase in gun deaths in the early 2000s, the viewer is led to mistakenly conclude that this law coincided with an immediate decrease in gun deaths.

I’ve been watching The Vow, an HBO docuseries about Nxivm (pronounced Nexium). Nxivm is… well, it’s a cult. But it was also a multilevel marketing company in the nebulous world of self-improvement. Participants were lured in by the notion of attaining a big life and told they needed to get rid of “limiting beliefs.” Over and over, members talked about aspiring to joy not as an occasional experience, but as a constant state of existence. Yet it seemed impossible for them to achieve that, no matter how many thousands of dollars they’d spend on courses.

You’ve probably heard about this concept a million times before, but it bears repeating: Use destructuring assignment where possible to display values and convey intent more clearly. When you access a list or an array by index values, you inadvertently hide your intent. Referencing values by a clear variable name assigned through destructuring assignment makes your code easier to read.

Excerpted from Killer Visual Strategies by Amy Balliett, with permission of the publisher, Wiley. Copyright © 2020 by ReelRandom, LLC. All rights reserved. This book is available wherever books and ebooks are sold.