Delete — remove an array element at the given index. This can be performed either by making the element value as undefin

Similar to stacks, queues are another type of linear data structure based on either arrays or linked lists. The characteristic that differentiates a queue data structure from a stack is that a queue is based on the principle First-In-First-Out (FIFO), where an element that enters the queue first, will leave first.

For example, consider using a hash function, k. If the original key is 20, the hashed key would 20=3. This means that the value would be stored in index 3 of our hash table.

A stack is a linear data structure that is created based on either arrays or linked lists. A stack follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, in which the last element to enter a stack, will be the first to leave. The reason this data structure is called a stack is that this layout resembles a real-world stack — you can visualize it as a stack of books on a table.

Doubly linked list: Traversal of items can be done in both forward and backward directions. Nodes consist of an additional pointer known as prev, pointing to the previous node.

Less than 10 years ago, some of the most basic artificial intelligence algorithms, like image recognition, required the sort of computing power typically found in data centers. Today, those tools are available on your smartphone, and are far more powerful and precise.

Hash Table data structure stores data in key-value pairs. This means that each key in the hash table has a corresponding value associated with it. This simple layout makes hash tables very efficient in the insertion and searching of data, regardless of the size of the table.

A Linked list is simply a collection of elements called nodes, in a linear sequential structure. A node is a simple object with two properties. These are variables to store data and to store the memory address of the next node in the list. Therefore, a node only knows about what data it contains and who its neighbor is. This makes way for the creation of linked lists where each node is chained to the other.

Hashing is a process that converts a key with a hash function in order to receive a hashed key. This hash function determines the index of the table or structure where the value should be stored.

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t informed about new programming paradigms and use them when appropriate. If object-oriented programming is the hammer that makes developers see nails wherever they go, is that a reason to throw the hammer out the window? No. You add a screwdriver to your toolbox, and maybe a knife or a pair of scissors, and you choose your tool based on the problem at hand.

A tree is a hierarchical data structure consisting of vertices (nodes) and edges that connect them. Trees are often used in AI and complex algorithms as they provide an efficient approach to problem-solving. A tree is a special type of graph that does not contain any cycles. Some people argue that trees are totally different from graphs but these arguments are subjective.

A graph is a data structure that is an interconnection of nodes. These nodes are also referred to as vertices. A pair (x,y) is called an edge, which indicates that vertex x is connected to vertex y. An edge may indicate a weight/cost value, which is the cost of traversing through that path — between two vertices.

Since a common hash function is used for converting all keys, there’s the possibility of collisions. Let’s have a look at the below example considering our hash function k.

Since a common hash function is used for converting all keys, there’s the possibility of collisions. Let’s have a look at the below example considering our hash function k.

Sometimes people might wonder why should we go through this additional process of hashing when we can simply map the values directly with the key. Although direct mapping is simple, it might not be an efficient solution when used with a large data set. With hashing, we can achieve a near-constant time of O(1).

Although this is similar to a regular key-value pair data store, the generation of the keys makes hash tables unique. Keys are generated with a special process called hashing.