However, this is where your domain expertise will dictate most of what you do. You have mastered the tool that Data Scie

The axis=1 is used to drop columns with missing values. We can also set a threshold value for the number of non-missing values required for a column or row to have. For instance, thresh=5 means that a row must have at least 5 non-missing values not to be dropped. The rows that have 4 or fewer missing values will be dropped.

The most crucial part is maintaining momentum and learning or practicing regularly. But the most difficult part is sitting down with your computer to start working. Once you successfully convince yourself to start for the day though, it does get easier every time. At the end of the day, if you don’t get those bursts of your “feel-good hormones” when you convert the little bits of data into tangible knowledge, is it really something you wanna do for the long term?

The method parameter of the fillna function can be used to fill missing values based on the previous or next value in a column (e.g. method=’ffill’). It can be pretty useful for sequential data (e.g. time series).

Pandas Groupby function is a versatile and easy-to-use function that helps to get an overview of the data. It makes it easier to explore the dataset and unveil the underlying relationships among variables.

Pandas is a widely-used data analysis and manipulation library for Python. It provides numerous functions and methods that expedite the data analysis and preprocessing steps.

The important thing to remember is that you need to love how you get to your destination, the journey, the process, not just the destination itself. Play around with every new concept you learn. Tweak things here and there. Let your curiosity flow.

The fillna function is used to fill the missing values. It provides many options. We can use a specific value, an aggregate function (e.g. mean), or the previous or next value.

Due to its popularity, there are lots of articles and tutorials about Pandas. This one will be one of them but heavily focusing on the practical side. I will do examples on a customer churn dataset that is available on Kaggle.

The axis parameter is set as 1 to drop columns and 0 for rows. The inplace parameter is set as True to save the changes. We dropped 4 columns so the number of columns reduced to 10 from 14.

Another way to handle missing values is to drop them. There are still missing values in the “Exited” column. The following code will drop rows that have any missing value.

The important thing to remember is that you need to love how you get to your destination, the journey, the process, not just the destination itself. Play around with every new concept you learn. Tweak things here and there. Let your curiosity flow.

This is purely based on my own experience and gross generalization. In most cases though, it’s not really as linear and you will bounce between the different chapters, especially chapters 3 and 4. The experience will definitely be different for you in some way or the other. There are other methods to ace each of these stages which are as effective as these, if not more. Some of you may focus on data visualization, some may specialize in Machine Learning. But I guess there is an element of commonality between them; they all fall under the umbrella of Data Science.

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different is that it uses a unique technique called Gradient-based One-Side Sampling (GOSS) to filter out the data instances to find a split value. This is different than XGBoost which uses pre-sorted and histogram-based algorithms to find the best split.

We can read only some of the columns from the csv file. The list of columns is passed to the usecols parameter while reading. It is better than dropping later on if you know the column names beforehand.

Although we’ve used different representations of columns for loc and iloc, row values have not changed. The reason is that we are using numerical index labels. Thus, both label and index for a row are the same.