Per figure 1 below, you might select 2 PC’s based on scree plot elbow with 58% variance explained or 4 PC’s on cumulativ

Most of you are probably too young to know that slide shows were never an invention related to the computer. The magic lantern or Laterna Magica was an early type of image projector developed in the 17th century.

Lantern slides were introduced in 1849, ten years after the invention of photography. It was a transparent image on glass that could be projected. This new use for photography expanded its use, making photographic images available to a larger audience for education and entertainment.

A “slide deck ” was hence a stack of such transparent sheets of glass or film that were projected on a screen or a wall using traditional projectors. However, what we today most commonly know as presentation decks, are made using software such as Microsoft PowerPoint and Apple’s Keynote.

There is no globally accepted selection threshold for a lower-dimensional space. Selection can be done by plotting the variance explained ratio by singular values (principal components) with a cumulative sum and/or skree plot (Figure 1 below). Once you visualize variance explained you can balance the trade off between the “elbow” in a scree plot and the cumulative sum of variance explained.

SVD could easily be a separate post since you need to have an understanding of linear algebra. However, for the sake of this post we’re going to be more brief and intuitive, but if you want to dive into the math see this great post.

However, the ease and appeal of these tools have meant their constant misuse and overuse. Here are some of the common reasons why these “slide decks” can often work against you instead of working for you.

The presentation is about the presenter and the message that is conveyed. An amazing presentation is most often the result of a very engaging and convincing delivery of a message by a person, rather than a bunch of well-formatted, catchy looking slides.

This is the most common misconception that people have. Your slide deck or presentation material is only a tool meant to aid and enhance your presentation, and it is not the presentation itself.

I fully understand why rappers, labels, and everyone in between would see editing music as a waste of time. And admittedly the community of parents who give a shit about the language their kids hear is probably too small to affect any rapper’s bottom line. But this is about a service that goes beyond the immediate monetary impact. It’s about giving kids the chance to steep themselves in a genre and a culture that — especially now — can make sense of the senseless. So engineers, labels, and artists: Spend a few extra hours in the studio and cut out those curse words if you can. You never know what kid’s life you might be changing.

The next step is matrix factorization, also known as matrix decomposition, which is really just decomposing or breaking a down a matrix into smaller vectors. For matrix factorization, SVD is the most widely used technique because ALL matrices have an SVD regardless of shape where another common technique like eigendecomposition only works for square matrices and even then doesn’t always exist.

A major frustration that I have had right from school years to my professional career is the misuse and misunderstanding of slide decks as presentation materials. Whether you’re a PowerPoint junkie or a Keynote buff, chances are you are fundamentally misusing the powerful presentation tool that a slide deck is supposed to be.

With respect to doing PCA, when you do SVD it will produce n-singular values / n-singular vectors equal to n-features. So if you have 13 features in your data it will produce 13 singular values / vectors. We can select which singular values we want to use based on how much variance they explain.

I fully understand why rappers, labels, and everyone in between would see editing music as a waste of time. And admittedly the community of parents who give a shit about the language their kids hear is probably too small to affect any rapper’s bottom line. But this is about a service that goes beyond the immediate monetary impact. It’s about giving kids the chance to steep themselves in a genre and a culture that — especially now — can make sense of the senseless. So engineers, labels, and artists: Spend a few extra hours in the studio and cut out those curse words if you can. You never know what kid’s life you might be changing.

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s appeal is its willingness to tolerate content prohibited by Facebook’s guidelines. The platform is currently rife with election conspiracy theories, QAnon propaganda, and extremist rhetoric on the platform that Parler has made little visible effort to moderate despite its own terms of use. But is unfettered speech a worthwhile tradeoff for community, audience, and familiarity?

Once a matrix has been decomposed, using SVD into the above mentioned vectors, we’re ready to use the singular values (diagonal matrix Σ) and apply the transformation to the original matrix X.