The last step is to increase the buffer size. As this is a sequential scan there is no need for us to be constrained by

This is more than 7x better than the standard buffered approach. And better yet, the memory utilization was never higher than whatever we set as the read-ahead factor times the buffer size. In this example, 2.5MB.

For scans the performance of well-tailored Direct I/O-based APIs is simply far superior. And while Buffered I/O standard APIs performed 20% faster for random reads that fully fit in memory, that comes at the cost of 200x more memory utilization making the trade offs not a clear cut.

Applications that do need the extra performance will still want to cache some of those results, and providing an easy way to integrate specialized caches for usage with Direct I/O is in the works for glommio.

This repository has over 80,000 stars on Github. It contains JavaScript based examples of many popular algorithms and data structures. The structure is really nice because the examples are labeled either beginner or advanced. So whether you are interested in cryptography, sorting, graphs, or even machine learning (and much more), there will be something for you.

Modern NVMe devices change the nature of how to best perform I/O in stateful applications. This trend has been going on for a while but has been so far masked by the fact that the APIs, especially the higher level ones, haven’t evolved to match what has been happening in the device — and more recently Linux Kernel layers. With the right set of APIs, Direct I/O is the new black.

Applications that do need the extra performance will still want to cache some of those results, and providing an easy way to integrate specialized caches for usage with Direct I/O is in the works for glommio.

Rather than strive to make $5K each month, you should strive for a sufficient margin of safety. $6,000 per month should be the minimum. You should strive to raise your income beyond that point and/or cut down on your expenses.

Being at the break-even point presents an incredible risk. What if you underperform next month? You don’t get as many sales as you thought you’d get, or you can’t keep putting in the long hours at work?

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ner can apply this to creating more efficient interfaces that help users complete a task in a timely manner. For example, if you design an eCommerce website you can autofill some data for customers during checkout. By doing that you will save time.

Scans are notoriously pernicious for the OS page cache. How do we fare with random I/O ? To test that we will read as much as we can in 20s, first restricting ourselves to the first 10% of the memory available (1.65GB)

As a developer in general, you need to always keep learning new tools and technologies because the industry is changing a lot. The only way to become a developer that all companies are looking for is by learning new things every day and having a passion for what you do. Just keep in mind that learning never stops.

Direct I/O is 20% slower than buffered reads. While reading entirely from memory is still faster — which shouldn’t surprise anybody, that’s a far cry from the disaster one would expect. In fact, if we keep in mind that the buffered version is keeping 1.65GB of resident memory to achieve this whereas Direct I/O is only using 80kB (20 x 4kB buffers) this may even be preferable for a particular class of applications that may be better off employing that memory somewhere else.

Newer devices like the newest generation of the Intel Optane just seal the deal. There is no scenario in which standard buffered I/O is undisputedly better than Direct I/O.

As any performance engineer would tell you, a good read benchmark needs to read data enough to hit the media. After all, “storage is slow”. So if we now read from the entire file, our buffered performance drops dramatically by 65%

With that said, the New York City Marathon is an expensive marathon relatively speaking ($295 for my registration), but I’m not taking that experience away from myself to save a few extra dollars.