“You put the ‘We’ above the ‘I.’ At a certain point, you’re willing to say, ‘Even though I’m angry, even though I’m hurt

Author : jimad.haaayely
Publish Date : 2021-01-07 18:36:18


“You put the ‘We’ above the ‘I.’ At a certain point, you’re willing to say, ‘Even though I’m angry, even though I’m hurt

This model is able to compute multiple detections for a single image in parallel. The number of objects that it can detect, though, is limited to the number of object queries used.

When using a large number of parameters and when trained with lots of data, these models produce similar or better results than SOTA in tasks such as Image Classification or Object Detection with way simpler models and faster to train.

They propose to treat Image Generation as an autoregressive problem where each new pixel is generated by only taking into account previously known pixel values within the image. In each feature generation, self-attention takes into account a flattened patch of m features as context and produces a representation for the unknown pixel value.

Instead of including self-attention within convolutional pipelines, other works have proposed to rely uniquely on self-attention layers and to leverage the original encoder-decoder architecture presented for Transformers, adapting them to Computer Vision tasks.

The authors of the paper claim that the model outperforms SOTA models in images with large objects. They hypothesize that this is due to the higher receptive field that self-attention provides to the model.

Your relationship will never be the only thing that matters in your life, but you’ll face situations in which you must decide that it matters more than anything else. Margie confirms:

Here, q represents the pixel embedding to be updated. It gets multiplied with all the other embeddings from pixels in memory (represented as m) using query and key matrices (Wq and Wk) generating a score that is then softmaxed and used as weights for the sum of the value vector obtained with the matrix Wv. The resulting embedding is added to the original q embedding, this way obtaining the final result. In this figure, p represent the positional encodings added to each input embedding. This encoding is generated from the coordinates of each pixel.

Note that by using self-attention, multiple pixel values can be predicted at once and in parallel (since we already know the original pixel values of the input image), and the patch used to compute self-attention can handle a higher receptive field than a convolutional layer. In evaluation though, image generation depends on each pixel having the values of their neighbors available, so it can only be performed one step at a time.

In order for these pixel values to be suitable as input for self-attention layers, each RGB value is converted into a tensor of d dimensions using 1D convolutions and the m features of the context patch are flattened to be 1 dimensional.

The encoder uses multiple self-attention blocks to combine the information between the different embeddings. The processed embeddings are passed to a decoder module that, using learnable embeddings as queries (object queries) that are able to attend to all the computed visual features, generates an embedding. In that embedding, all the information needed to perform the object detection is encoded. Each output is fed into a fully connected layer that will output a five-dimensional tensor with elements c and b where c will represent the predicted class for that element and b the coordinates of the bounding box (1D and 4D respectively). The value of c can be assigned to a “no object” token, that will represent an object query that did not find any meaningful detection and hence the coordinates will not be taken into account.

Models that use these kinds of layers combined with convolutional layers, obtain optimal results when self-attention is used in the later layers of the model. In fact, in On the Relationship between Self-Attention and Convolutional Layers, it is shown that the inductive biases learned by self-attention layers used early in the model resemble the ones that convolutions have by default.

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f the most fun GitHub projects on Python on this list. DeepFaceLab is a tool that can create deep fakes images and videos, allowing you to do a lot of fun stuff such as change, de-age, and swap faces. To make things more compelling, you can even change their speech, although this requires proficiency in video editing software.

It uses self-attention with visual features extracted from a convolutional backbone. The feature maps computed in the backbone module are flattened over their spatial dimensions i.e., if the feature map has shape (h x w x d) the flattened result will have shape (hw x d). A learnable positional encoding is added to each dimension and the resulting sequence is fed into the encoder.

Some works have already presented ways to overcome this problem, such as Axial-DeepLab, where they compute attention along the two spatial axis sequentially instead of dealing directly with the whole image, making the operation more efficient. Other simpler solutions include processing patches of feature maps instead of the whole spatial dimensions at the cost of having smaller receptive fields (this is done in Stand-Alone Self-Attention in Vision Models). These smaller receptive fields, though, can still be way larger than convolutional kernels.

The input sequence consists of a flattened vector of pixel values extracted from a patch of size PxP. Each flattened element is fed into a linear projection layer that will produce what they call the “patch embeddings”. An extra learnable embedding is attached to the beginning of the sequence. This embedding, after being updated by self-attention, will be used to predict the class of the input image. A learnable positional embedding is also added to each of these embeddings.



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