gardening corn without soil media

There are various ways to plant corn, one of which is by applying the method without tillage (TOT). The meaning of without tillage here is a method of planting without treatment of land preparation such as turning and loosening the soil first, only a hole is needed to immerse the seeds into the soil.

In developed countries, planting without tillage usually uses planter tools. Meanwhile in Indonesia it is usually sufficient to use Portugal. Puncture is needed to perforate the surface of the soil where the seeds are planted.

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It is necessary to know that how to plant corn without tillage cannot be applied in all types of land. Only land that has a certain degree of moisture is suitable for this method. Hard soil cannot be applied without tillage.
Usually the method without tillage is suitable to be applied in paddy fields, former rice plants that have been harvested. Can be applied in rain-fed rice fields or technically irrigated rice fields that wish to implement crop rotation. The former rice straw is very useful as mulch for corn plants.

The advantages and disadvantages of the TOT method
How to grow corn with the method without tillage has advantages and disadvantages. Here are the advantages of applying the landless method:

Shorten cultivation time because farmers do not need to cultivate the land first.
Save on labor costs.
Avoid damaging the soil, because the soil that is overturned and loosened too often will harden in the long run. In addition, land that is plowed or loosened will open, so there is the potential for loss of soil minerals.
Reducing the erosion of the top soil nutrient layer due to processing.
Meanwhile, the shortcomings of the method without tillage include:

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It is possible that the soil has become overgrown with weeds that can interfere with plant growth.
Because the land is not cleared there is a possibility that pest remnants are still multiplying on the land, and could interfere with the growth of subsequent crops.
Land preparation
a. Straw mulch preparation
The preparatory step required is land clearing. Clean the remaining straw from the rice harvest by chopping or chopping it. Then sprinkle it evenly over the surface of the land. This straw is useful as a ground cover mulch.

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b. Drainage preparation
Prepare drainage in the land to be used. Drainage is made in a straight line with a distance between sections of about 2 meters. The purpose of making this drainage is to remove excess water, because there is no soil processing, such as raising planting beds. Do not let the land be submerged in water.

c. Weed removal
Weeds are quite a disturbing factor in the landless method. If the land we use is overgrown with weeds, you should apply weed cleaning with herbicides. If there are enough weeds, use a systemic herbicide that can kill weeds from the roots. Please use the herbicide brand that suits your needs (we did not mention the brand) and use it according to the recommended dosage.

After 3 days of land control, whether there are weeds or not. If there are weeds, spray again. A week after herbicide spraying, the land is ready for planting.

d. Fertilization and liming
If the former land used is less fertile, you can add additional organic fertilizers. Can be compost or manure. The fertilizers are sown in an array shape, according to the rows of the planting holes. The dose of organic fertilizer for corn plants is around 1.5-2 tonnes per hectare. If necessary, you can do liming, the method of spreading lime is the same as fertilizer in the form of an array. Liming dose is around 300-400 kg per hectare.

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Planting stages
a. Preparation of seeds
Use high-yielding seeds that have a growth success rate of more than 95%. Seed preparation should follow the seed producers' recommendations. For corn seeds that are not from the manufacturer, the seeds can be prepared in advance by soaking them with insecticides. The use is so that the seeds are protected from disease when. For factory-produced seeds that are usually mixed with insecticides, the appearance of the seeds is usually red, so there is no need for soaking with insecticides.

b. Spacing settings
The spacing for corn plants in one row is about 20 cm, while the spacing between rows is 70-75 cm. If the beds are 2 meters wide, there will be at least 3 rows of corn plants in one bed.

c. Planting
Planting seeds can be done a maximum of a week after applying organic fertilizer and liming. The planting hole is made with a tugal or planter machine. The depth of the planting hole is about 3-5 cm. Put 2 corn seeds in one planting hole. Then cover with soil, hides compacted.

Also prepare a separate seed nursery, which is used to embroider corn plants that fail to grow. So that the embroidered plants have the same age as the plants that have been planted in the land.